小词详解 | gale
gale 英 [ɡeɪl] 美 [ɡeɪl]
SAT TEM8
外刊例句
The rounds are staggered through the day, and some players may enjoy calm conditions whereas others may be beset by heavy rain or a howling gale.
比赛在一天中交错进行,一些球员可能会享受平静的环境,而另一些球员则可能会被大雨或呼啸的大风所困扰。
——《经济学人》It has also run into unexpected trouble negotiating a deal for water with owners of local thermal springs, vital to the spa resort’s future operation, and a gale of negative articles in the local news media.
它还在与当地温泉的所有者谈判用水协议时遇到了意想不到的麻烦,这对温泉度假村的未来运营至关重要,并且当地新闻媒体上也出现了一阵负面文章。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] a very strong wind
[名词] 非常强的风
深入解读
Gale 一词拼写比较简单,含义也不复杂,最早出现于16世纪40年代用来表示“大风、强风”,主要指具有相当大速度和力量的高破坏性风,强于 breeze 而弱于 storm ,比如:
大风刮倒了大量烟囱,甚至整栋建筑。
The gale blew down a multitude of chimneys, and even whole buildings.
在气象学(meteorology)的蒲福风级(Beaufort scale)中,7、8、9这三级风分别名为:
疾风/劲风
high wind, moderate gale, near gale大风
gale, fresh gale烈风
strong/severe gale
值得注意的是,最初10级风也是 gale 的一种,用 whole gale 表示,但发展到现在则是用 storm 称呼。
从上述概念出发, gale 还被用来引申指突然爆发的“一阵”声音、情感等,特别是常用搭配 gale(s) of laughter 表示“一阵或阵阵大笑声”,比如:
这位演讲老手有一些秘诀可供新手参考。人们对他的演讲总是报以阵阵笑声。
This savvy speaker has some tips for novice speakers. His speeches were always greeted with gales of laughter.
名著用例
Each stem was wrenched at the root, where it moved like a bone in its socket, and at every onset of the gale convulsive sounds came from the branches, as if pain were felt.
每一个树干都是连根扭动,仿佛是骨头在骨节里被摇动,狂风一起,树枝就发出抽搐呻吟,好像感到痛楚一样。
出自英国小说家托马斯·哈代(Thomas Hardy)的长篇小说《还乡》(The Return of the Native)。
同近义词
breeze: a gentle wind
zephyr: a soft gentle breeze
hurricane: a storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean
往期回顾